U.S. Attorney of U.S. Attorney's Office, Southern District of New York - Announces Cocaine Importation Charges Against Chief Superintendent Of Royal Bahamas Police Force And Other Corrupt Bahamian Government Officials

Elvis Nathaniel Curtis and Other Corrupt Bahamian Officials Led Efforts to Support and Protect Large-Scale Cocaine Shipments Through The Bahamas en Route to the United States

Damian Williams, the United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York, and Anne Milgram, the Administrator of the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (“DEA”), announced the unsealing of an Indictment charging 13 defendants with cocaine importation and related weapons offenses in connection with their participation in a massive cocaine importation conspiracy enabled by corrupt Bahamian government officials, including high-ranking members of the Royal Bahamas Police Force (“RBPF”).  ELVIS NATHANIEL CURTIS, an RBPF Chief Superintendent, and

DARRIN ALEXANDER ROKER, a Chief Petty Officer in the Royal Bahamas Defence Force (“RBDF”), were arrested on Monday in Florida and had their initial appearances yesterday afternoon in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida.  LORIELMO STEELE-POMARE, a/k/a “Steele” and WILLIAM SIMEON, a/k/a “Harvey Smith,” a/k/a “William Jacques,” a/k/a “Romeo Russell,” a/k/a “Dario Rolle,” were arrested overseas on Monday.  LUIS FERNANDO OROZCO-TORO was arrested overseas yesterday.  The case has been assigned to U.S. District Judge Gregory H. Woods.

U.S. Attorney Damian Williams said: “As alleged, for years, drug traffickers have smuggled tons of cocaine through The Bahamas with the support and protection of corrupt Bahamian government officials who control airports throughout the country and provide sensitive information about U.S. Coast Guard movements to drug traffickers.  This Indictment is the latest in a series of charges that this Office and the DEA’s Special Operations Division have brought against corrupt government officials around the globe who partner with dangerous cocaine traffickers.  Today’s charges should serve as yet another powerful wake-up call to corrupt officials everywhere—we will not rest until you are held accountable for your role in the drug trade that is poisoning this country and our community.  I commend the career prosecutors of this Office and our partners at the DEA for their tireless efforts to disrupt drug-fueled corruption wherever it takes hold.”

DEA Administrator Anne Milgram said: “The arrests of corrupt officials, including a leader of the Royal Bahamas Police Force and another government official in the Royal Bahamas Defence Force, expose the alarming betrayal of public trust that has enabled tons of cocaine to flow through The Bahamas and into the United States.  In 2024, there was a 5.4% increase in cocaine seizures in the United States.  By abusing their positions to accept bribes, protect traffickers, and facilitate drug shipments via airports and maritime routes, these individuals jeopardized countless lives for personal gain.  Let this be a clear message from the DEA: if you are a government official who uses your power to traffic in drugs and corruption, we will bring you to justice in the United States.”

According to the allegations contained in the Indictment:[1]

Since at least May 2021, drug traffickers have smuggled tons of cocaine through The Bahamas for importation into the U.S. with the help and support of corrupt Bahamian government officials.  The Bahamas has in recent years become an increasingly important transshipment point for U.S.-bound cocaine.  This is a result, in part, of its proximity to the U.S., as the northernmost Bahamian islands are less than 100 nautical miles from the coast of Florida, making The Bahamas an attractive route for cocaine traffickers.

The increased cocaine flow through The Bahamas and into the U.S. has been a direct result of yearslong, drug-fueled corruption by certain officials in key Bahamian government institutions.  Such corruption includes certain high-ranking members of the RBPF and other Bahamian government officials who work with drug traffickers to receive, protect, and provide safe passage for massive cocaine shipments through the airports and ports of The Bahamas.  These corrupt officials support the drug trade into the U.S. at multiple levels.  First, cocaine-laden aircraft, including on U.S.-registered planes, are received at remote airstrips and larger airports in The Bahamas under the supervision of corrupt RBPF officials who work with, and accept bribes from, drug traffickers.  Then, once the cocaine arrives in The Bahamas, those corrupt officials also help drug traffickers transport their cocaine from the northernmost points of The Bahamas to the U.S. using go-fast vessels, yachts, and fishing boats.

The DEA has historically coordinated drug enforcement operations with the RBPF through a counternarcotics program called Operation Bahamas, Turks and Caicos, or “OPBAT.”  Although OPBAT has had its share of successes in combatting the drug trade in the Caribbean, certain corrupt RBPF and Bahamian officials abuse the OPBAT program and their relationship with the DEA to disrupt U.S.-led law enforcement attempts to combat drug trafficking in The Bahamas.  Corrupt RBPF officials have, among other things, denied the DEA access to seized cocaine and evidence, provided information to the DEA that was contradicted by aerial surveillance, and even informed a DEA agent that certain drug trafficking targets were “off limits.”

As alleged, CURTIS is an RBPF Chief Superintendent who supervises airport locations throughout The Bahamas, including the Lynden Pindling International Airport in Nassau (the “Nassau Airport”), which is the largest airport in The Bahamas.  In exchange for bribes made by drug traffickers, CURTIS has abused his official position to, among other things, provide safe passage for cocaine shipments through airports in The Bahamas, with the assistance of other corrupt officials such as RBPF Sergeant PRINCE ALBERT SYMONETTE.  For instance, on or about October 18, 2023, CURTIS and SYMONETTE each accepted approximately $10,000 in bribe payments as a down payment for their assistance in what they understood to be an upcoming 600-kilogram cocaine shipment to The Bahamas through the Nassau Airport, for eventual distribution to the U.S.  Additionally, in or about September 2024, CURTIS explained that, in exchange for a $2 million bribe, a high-ranking Bahamian politician that CURTIS named would authorize the assistance and involvement of armed RBPF officials to facilitate incoming cocaine shipments.  CURTIS and ROKER also discussed abusing their official positions to transport drug proceeds from cocaine sales in the U.S. back to The Bahamas, including with Bahamian government and military aircraft.

Other corrupt Bahamian officials, such as ROKER, a Chief Petty Officer in the RBDF, have facilitated maritime drug trafficking activities through The Bahamas and into the U.S. by providing sensitive information about U.S. Coast Guard and DEA-led OPBAT operations to alert drug traffickers, in exchange for bribes.  RICCARDO ADOLPHUS DAVIS also purports to be an official in the Bahamian government who used his influence with corrupt Bahamian government officials to authorize drug trafficking facilitated by RBPF officials.

Drug traffickers who work with the RBPF and other Bahamian officials coordinate closely with pilots to fly their U.S.-bound cocaine shipments from Central and South America into The Bahamas.  These pilots also work for various Bahamian private charter companies that provide flight services to Bahamian citizens and foreign tourists who are visiting The Bahamas.

*                *                *

CURTIS, 51, of The Bahamas; SYMONETTE, 52, of The Bahamas; ROKER, 56, of The Bahamas; DAVIS, 59, of The Bahamas; SIMEON, 52, of The Bahamas; THEODORE NATHANIEL ADDERLEY, a/k/a “Blue,” 53, of The Bahamas; JOSHUA MCDONALD SCAVELLA, a/k/a “Cow,” 46, of The Bahamas; STEELE-POMARE, 59, of Colombia; OROZCO-TORO, 58, of Colombia; DAVON REVION KHAIM ROLLE, 34, of The Bahamas; DARREN ARTHUR FERGUSON, a/k/a “Hubba,” 54, of The Bahamas; DOMONICK DELANCY, 36, of The Bahamas; and DONALD FREDERICK FERGUSON II, a/k/a “DJ,” a/k/a “Billy,” 26, of The Bahamas, are charged with cocaine importation conspiracy, which carries a mandatory minimum sentence of 10 years in prison and a maximum sentence of life in prison; using and carrying firearms during, and possessing firearms in furtherance of, the cocaine-importation conspiracy, which carries a mandatory minimum consecutive sentence of five years in prison and a maximum sentence of life in prison; and conspiring to use and carry firearms during, and possessing firearms in furtherance of, the cocaine-importation conspiracy, which carries a maximum sentence of 20 years in prison.

The statutory minimum and maximum penalties are prescribed by Congress and are provided here for informational purposes only, as any sentencing of the defendants will be determined by a judge.

Mr. Williams praised the outstanding investigative work of the DEA’s Special Operations Division’s Bilateral Investigations Unit, Nassau Country Office, Bogota Country Office, and Panama City Country Office, as well as the assistance of the Office of International Affairs of the Justice Department’s Criminal Division.

The case is being handled by the Office’s National Security and International Narcotics Unit.  Assistant U.S. Attorneys Jonathan L. Bodansky, Nicholas S. Bradley, and Juliana N. Murray are in charge of the prosecution.

The charges contained in the Indictment are merely accusations, and the defendants are presumed innocent unless and until proven guilty.

If you or someone you know has information about the conduct in this case, please contact the DEA’s tip line at BahamasNarcoTips@dea.gov
 

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[1] As the introductory phrase signifies, the Indictment and the description of the Indictment set forth herein constitutes only allegations, and every fact described should be treated as an allegation.

Contact

Nicholas Biase, Shelby Wratchford
(212) 637-2600

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Clarkenomics Jamaica

CLARKENOMICS: THE ECONOMICPHILOSOPHY OF DR. NIGEL CLARKE!

So, you want to be Finance Minister of an Island economy: 3 minute post-graduate seminar on “Clarkenomics”.

The Principles of Clarkenomics in Jamaica

By Professor Gilbert Morris

Nassau, NP, The Bahamas

Let’s get context: 3 principles of Clarke’s economic management:

1. Macro-economic stability

2. System buffers

3. Targeted intervention

Before these there is a mandate: Clarke’s tenure as Jamaica’s finance minister is proof for the rule “never accept responsibility without authority”.  Keith Duncan led a Jamaica private sector/civil society group, which together insisted on structural/system reforms.  In 2018 they got Clarke elected to carryout those reforms.  This social contract gave Clarke the freedom to fight the economic situation without infighting; it allowed him to choose his team and implement his programme.

Macro-economic stability (MES):

Discuss with your colleagues which metaphor aligns here: is MES terrain, the track or the train?  It was a non-negotiable foundation of Clarke’s approach.  No party favours, no partisan gifts, no patronage for political lackeys.

Buffers:

Buffers are usually thought of as “policy cushions”, softening impacts where policy is delivered.  But Clarke’s approach escapes textbook assumptions by enacting two-way buffers:

1. Buffers where the policy impacts citizens

2. But also buffers where the policy is protected from external impacts

This point is critical for smallislandstates, because we control nothing and our best laid plans may be waylaid by external forces.  Buffers meant the MES programme was flexible and could be nursed through situations; without excuses.

Targeted interventions:

Where there are anomalies (regressions etc.), one can target solutions/corrections/offsets to keep the whole of society engaged. Clarke’s 2019 Budget - finest in history of Caribbean - was a study in these interventions (tax relief, tuition reduction in exchange for charity volunteerism etc.), generating shared commitment to social well-being, whilst maintaining disciplined economic management.

One of the cardinal tenants of Clarkenomics is “trickle up”:  Dr. Clarke turn the age old text book presumption of “trickle down economics” on its head.  He strategised to ensure that people at the bottom felt the benefits first; hence the tax cuts for low wage earners, assistance for students and small businesses.  Clarke resolved that if we want robust markets, customers must have money in their pockets.  He succeeded in that masterfully!

Clarkenomcs resulted in:

1. Reductions in actual debt/reflected in debt to GDP from 144% to 72%

2. Fiscal Deficit reduced to negligible whilst growing economy over 3%; despite Covid!

3. Tax reductions fairly distributed

4. Small Business assistance

5. Half billion in PPPs for infrastructure development

6. Reform of corporate and land registry

7. Thousands of new homes and reduction of unemployment

8. New ICT architecture

9. Best performing stock exchange in the world for 6 years running

10. Upshot in Jamaican Reputational Capital

Clarke didn’t start this movement - Hon. Peter Phillips initiated social partnerships - he maximised it skillfully and with a new disciplined focus. Numerical targets, dates and transparent reporting ensured accountability.

If you want to be finance minister you can’t simply copy Clarkenomics. But the principles are a good place to start!

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Dr. Kevin Alcena Believes that Kamala Harris is Divinely Ordained to become The Next President of the United States of America

Kamala Harris: Fulfillment of a Divine Prophecy as the Next President of the USA

Drawing from the scriptures, Kamala Harris can be likened to Deborah, a wise and courageous leader in The Holy Bible

By Dr. Kevin J. Turnquest-Alcena
Nassau, NP, The Bahamas

Deo adjuvante, non timendum

"With God as my helper, I have nothing to fear."

Dr. Kevin Alcena believes that Kamala Harris is divinely ordained to become the next President of the United States, ushering in an era of unity, equality, and global progress.  Her rise is seen not only as a political milestone but as a prophetic fulfillment, akin to the leadership of women in the Bible who were chosen by God to break down barriers and guide their people to new heights.  Harris’ leadership, like these biblical women, will transcend race, class, caste, and tribalism, fostering a vision of one human family united in purpose.

Kamala Harris and Biblical Women Leaders: A Prophetic Parallel

In drawing from the scriptures, Kamala Harris can be likened to Deborah, a wise and courageous leader in the Bible.  In Judges 4–5, Deborah stood as a prophetess and judge over Israel during a time of crisis.  She not only led Israel into battle but also provided wisdom and justice to the nation.  Much like Deborah, Harris has the potential to lead the United States—and by extension, the world—through turbulent times, breaking down the divisions that plague society and guiding people toward unity and peace.

Deborah’s leadership was divinely inspired, and she was known for her strength, vision, and determination to act justly.  Similarly, Dr. Alcena views Kamala Harris’ future leadership as divinely ordained, a modern-day fulfillment of biblical prophecy that will empower the marginalized, bridge the divides between cultures, and bring healing to the global community.

India’s Journey: Breaking Chains of Colonialism and Caste

India’s rise from colonial oppression mirrors the story of deliverance seen in many biblical narratives, where God’s people were liberated from oppression and given the opportunity to create a new future.  Like the Israelites under Deborah, India faced internal and external divisions that threatened its unity and progress.  The colonial era left India economically depleted, and the caste system entrenched deep social divisions.

Yet, through resilience and strategic investment in health, education, and technology, India has emerged as a global leader.  India’s journey serves as a blueprint for how nations can overcome oppressive systems.  Kamala Harris, like Deborah, has the potential to lead in a way that inspires people to rise above their divisions, whether they are racial, economic, or social.

Indigenous Peoples and Global Unity

Kamala Harris’ leadership is particularly relevant to the struggles of indigenous peoples around the world.  Throughout the Bible, God calls for justice for the oppressed and marginalized.  Proverbs 31:8-9 commands, “Speak up for those who cannot speak for themselves, for the rights of all who are destitute.  Speak up and judge fairly; defend the rights of the poor and needy.”  Harris’ potential presidency would give voice to those who have long been silenced, including indigenous populations in the United States and beyond.

Just as Deborah was called to lead in a time of great need, Harris’s rise could signify a moment of global reconciliation, where indigenous groups and other marginalized communities are finally given the justice and recognition they deserve.  Her leadership will not only be about political power but about healing historical wounds and fostering true unity, as prophesied by Dr. Alcena.

Breaking Down Class, Caste, and Tribal Divides

The Bible consistently speaks of God’s desire to break down barriers between people.  Galatians 3:28 affirms this by saying, “There is neither Jew nor Gentile, neither slave nor free, nor is there male and female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus.”  Harris’ leadership, much like the biblical vision of unity, will dismantle the systems of division that have kept people apart.

India’s progress in overcoming the caste system is a powerful example of how a society can reform itself to prioritize equality.  Harris, with her own background rooted in both Jamaican and Indian cultures, can serve as a global leader who continues this legacy of breaking down class and tribal distinctions.  Her presidency could be the catalyst that brings about a more inclusive world, one where people are valued for their character and contributions, not for their background or social standing.

Empowering Women Globally

One of the most significant aspects of Kamala Harris’ potential presidency is the empowerment of women, much like the role of Deborah in ancient Israel.  Deborah’s leadership inspired both men and women to rise up and reclaim their destiny.  Kamala Harris, as a woman leader, will similarly inspire women around the globe to take leadership roles, break societal barriers, and participate fully in shaping the future.

In the same way that the Bible highlights women like Esther, who was called “for such a time as this” (Esther 4:14), Harris’ presidency will mark a divine moment in history.  It will be a time when women’s leadership is no longer questioned but celebrated, and their contributions are seen as vital to the progress of humanity.

Bridging Continents and Cultures

Kamala Harris’ unique background—born to a Jamaican father and an Indian mother—connects her to three continents: Asia, Africa, and the Americas.  This gives her the extraordinary ability to serve as a bridge between these regions, fostering cooperation and unity in a way that few other leaders could.  Just as Deborah brought together different tribes of Israel to fight for a common cause, Harris’ leadership will bring together nations and peoples with a shared vision for peace and progress.

Her presidency could signify the beginning of a new era where nations collaborate not just for their own interests but for the greater good of humanity.  The divine prophecy surrounding Harris, as Dr. Alcena envisions, is that she will lead the world into this new phase of global unity, breaking down the racial and cultural divisions that have long held back progress.

A Divine Path to Peace

In the midst of global conflicts, such as those in the Middle East, Harris’ presidency could bring a prophetic call for peace. Isaiah 2:4 speaks of a time when nations “will beat their swords into plowshares and their spears into pruning hooks.  Nation will not take up sword against nation, nor will they train for war anymore.”  Dr. Alcena believes that Harris’ leadership will guide the world toward a diplomatic and peaceful resolution to these conflicts, much like the biblical vision of a world without war.

Her presidency will emphasize dialogue and cooperation, creating opportunities for healing and lasting peace.  Just as Deborah brought peace to Israel after years of oppression, Harris has the potential to bring stability to regions that have been torn apart by conflict, fulfilling the divine prophecy of a world united under peace.

Conclusion: A Divine Prophecy for Global Unity

Kamala Harris’ rise to the presidency, as prophesied by Dr. Kevin Alcena, represents more than a political victory.  It is a divine moment in history, where the barriers of race, class, caste, and tribalism will be broken down, and humanity will come together as one.  Harris, like Deborah and Esther before her, is destined to lead in a time of great need, empowering women, healing the oppressed, and fostering global unity.

Her leadership will draw on the lessons of India’s rise from colonialism, emphasizing the importance of resilience, equality, and cooperation.  Indigenous peoples and marginalized communities around the world will find in her a leader who stands for justice and inclusion.  As she bridges continents and cultures, Harris will guide humanity into a new era of peace and progress—fulfilling the divine prophecy of unity, empowerment, and lasting global harmony.

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The Bahamas Rising National Debt

The Bahamas is grappling with a substantial national debt that is above 100% of GDP

A Debt Pitfall 

By Dr. Kevin Turnquest-Alcena
Nassau, The Bahamas

"Deo adjuvante,non timendum" "with God as my helper,I have nothing to fear "  

To fully assess the financial challenges facing The Bahamas, we must learn from countries like Argentina, Jamaica, Zimbabwe, and Venezuela, all of which suffered economic crises due to unsustainable debt and currency devaluation.  The Bahamas must be cautious with its public finances to avoid similar pitfalls.

With the Bahamas' current debt at $11 billion and a debt-to-GDP ratio exceeding 100%, we are at risk of entering a debt trap.  Lessons from other countries show that failure to manage debt and implement necessary reforms can lead to economic instability, inflation, and currency devaluation.

The IMF has warned about The Bahamas' rising debt and recommended measures such as economic diversification, improved tax compliance, and controlled public spending.  To prevent financial collapse, we need to ensure borrowed funds are invested productively, and strategies must be based on accurate, empirical data.

1. Bahamian Debt Levels (2023): 

   - According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF),the Bahamas' public debt was around 102% of GDP at the end of 2022.  The IMF continues to express concerns about the nation’s fiscal trajectory if corrective reforms are not implemented. 

   - The Bahamas Ministry of Finance released an update stating that as of mid-2023, the country’s debt reached approximately $11 billion, a substantial figure for a small economy.  This includes external debt and domestic borrowing.

   

2. Debt to GDP Ratio:

   - The debt-to-GDP ratio has been hovering above the critical 100% mark, which signals high vulnerability in terms of debt sustainability.  Many countries face economic instability when their debt exceeds their GDP, making it harder to service debt without growing the economy or reducing deficits.

3. Recent Borrowing and IMF Support:

   - The Bahamas has received financial assistance from various international organizations, including the IMF, during the COVID-19 pandemic.  This support aimed to stabilize the economy during the collapse of tourism, which constitutes a significant portion of the nation's revenue.

   - The IMF’s 2023 Article IV Consultation on The Bahamas stresses that the country still faces significant fiscal challenges, and while the tourism sector is recovering, the public finances are far from sustainable.  Recommendations include diversifying revenue sources and structural reforms to curb public spending.

4. External Debt:

   - The external debt of The Bahamas accounts for a significant portion of its overall debt, with borrowing from multilateral institutions and private lenders.  External debt servicing remains a concern given the currency peg and dependence on foreign reserves to maintain it.

5. Fiscal Outlook:

   - Both the IMF and Bahamian government stress that while the short-term recovery appears promising due to the return of tourism, without structural fiscal reforms, such as tax reform or expenditure cuts, the country’s debt levels could lead to long-term financial instability.

In summary, The Bahamas is grappling with a substantial national debt that is above 100% of GDP, with external borrowing playing a major role.  The reliance on tourism for revenue, coupled with ongoing fiscal deficits, exacerbates the risk of unsustainable debt levels unless structural economic reforms are enacted.

References:

•  [IMF Bahamas 2023 Article IV Consultation Report] (https://www. imf.org/en/Publications/CR/Issues/2023/02/07/The-Bahamas-2022-Article-IV-Consultation-Press-Release-Staff-Report-and-Statement-by-the-528453)

•  Bahamas Ministry of Finance Debt Update (2023)

•  Central Bank of the Bahamas Reports (2023) on fiscal trends

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The World Must Continue to Support Cuba’s Call for The U.S. Blockade Against The Cuban Nation to End

The U.S. blockade against Cuba is not just an economic measure - it’s a violation of human rights and international law

The U.S. Blockade on Cuba: A Humanitarian Catastrophe Fueled by Geopolitical Arrogance

By Dr. Kevin J Turnquest-Alcena 

“Deo adjuvante, non timendum”

"With God as my helper, I have nothing to fear."

This Latin phrase beautifully encapsulates the unwavering spirit of the Cuban people in the face of the relentless U.S. blockade.  For over six decades, Cuba has endured an economic siege meant to cripple its progress and suppress its people.  Yet, the Cuban people, bolstered by faith and resilience, remain defiant.  The blockade is more than an economic imposition—it is an affront to human dignity.  But with God’s help, as the phrase assures, no challenge is insurmountable.

Another Latin phrase, "In necessariis unitas, in dubiis libertas, in omnibus caritas", meaning “In necessary things, unity; in doubtful things, liberty; in all things, charity,” reminds us that when faced with global crises, unity and empathy are essential.  The blockade against Cuba stands in stark contrast to this principle, as it continues to isolate the country instead of offering solidarity and support.

A Policy of Economic Strangulation

The blockade has turned Cuba into an isolated battlefield where economic deprivation is used as a tool to crush the human spirit.  From March 2023 to February 2024, Cuba suffered over 5.05 billion USD in losses, while the cumulative losses over six decades exceed USD 164 billion.  Losing 14 million dollars per day.  These figures reflect not just monetary deficits but lost opportunities for economic growth, healthcare, and education. 

As the Latin phrase goes, "Aegroto dum anima est, spes est", or “While there’s life, there’s hope.”  Despite these overwhelming numbers, Cuba’s hope lies in the resilience of its people and their unwavering determination to resist.  However, the blockade stifles their potential, prevents access to vital resources, and plunges the nation into deeper economic and social crises.

The Healthcare Crisis: The Human Cost of Sanctions

Perhaps nowhere is the cruelty of the U.S. blockade more evident than in Cuba’s healthcare system.  Once a global leader in providing high-quality, free healthcare for all its citizens, the Cuban health sector has been crippled, not by internal inefficiencies, but by U.S. sanctions that have blocked essential medical supplies and technologies.

 

“Vincit qui patitur,” meaning “He who endures, conquers,” illustrates the enduring struggle of Cuba’s healthcare workers and patients.  They fight on despite the severe limitations imposed on them.  The COVID-19 pandemic exposed this harsh reality even further.  The U.S. blocked Cuba’s access to ventilators, preventing the island from importing life-saving equipment at the height of the pandemic.

This policy has moved beyond economic sanctions to the point of moral bankruptcy.  By denying Cuba critical medical resources, the U.S. blockade transforms Cuba’s once-proud healthcare system into a casualty of geopolitical arrogance, leaving the most vulnerable citizens—children, the elderly, and the sick—without the care they need.

Food Insecurity and Education: Starving a Nation’s Future

In education and agriculture, Cuba is similarly stifled.  The Cuban government reports that due to the embargo, shortages have impacted over 437,000 school uniforms for the 2023-2024 academic year.  Basic educational tools such as textbooks, computers, and school supplies are increasingly scarce.  Agriculture is no better off.  Deprived of fertilizers, pesticides, and modern machinery, Cuban farmers have seen crop yields drop by 40%, which has led to food insecurity, especially among the nation’s most vulnerable.

Here we find relevance in the Latin phrase, "Veritas vos liberabit", or “The truth will set you free.”  The blockade is not merely an economic restriction—it is a violation of human rights.  The truth is that Cuba’s children, farmers, and educators are unjustly caught in the crosshairs of geopolitical gamesmanship.  It is not only the Cuban government that suffers; it is the Cuban people, whose rights to education, food security, and health are being systematically denied.

A Violation of Human Rights and International Law

The U.S. blockade is not just an economic measure—it’s a violation of human rights and international law.  Numerous international bodies, including the United Nations, have condemned the U.S. for its unilateral coercive measures, which disproportionately affect Cuban civilians.

“Fiat iustitia, ruat caelum”—“Let justice be done, though the heavens fall”—should resonate globally in the face of such egregious actions.  The Cuban people are not alone in their call for justice; the international community has, time and again, voted overwhelmingly in favor of ending the blockade.  However, the United States continues to ignore this global outcry, leaving Cuba isolated and under siege.

Biblical history also reminds us of the cycle of suffering and liberation.  Like the Israelites who were freed from Egyptian oppression, Cuba’s time of liberation will come.  Just as God delivered His people from bondage, we must believe that the Cuban people, too, will see an end to their suffering.

 

Lessons from History: Global Empathy and Responsibility

History teaches us that no policy of oppression goes unpunished.  As Mahatma Gandhi wisely said, “The future depends on what we do in the present.”  Just as leaders like Nelson Mandela, Voltaire, and Desmond Tutu fought against systems of oppression and inequality, so too must we stand up against this blockade.

The Bible reminds us in Galatians 6:7, “For whatever one sows, that will he also reap.”  The United States must recognize that sowing seeds of deprivation and suffering will only lead to more hostility, division, and unrest.  If we wish to sow peace, prosperity, and goodwill, we must begin with lifting this unjust embargo.

A Way Forward: A Call for Unity

The solution lies in the principle that the world is one family—"Una familia sumus"—“We are one family.”  The Bible teaches that we are all part of one body, and when one part suffers, we all suffer.  Cuba’s struggle is not just theirs alone, but a shared burden for humanity to address.  To lift the blockade is not merely a political decision; it is a moral imperative.

In 1 Corinthians 12:26, we are reminded that “If one part suffers, every part suffers with it; if one part is honored, every part rejoices with it.”  The world must act in unity, recognizing that the pain of the Cuban people is a call for collective empathy and action.  With over USD 14 million lost in health investments due to the blockade, thousands of Cubans are deprived of life-saving care.  Ending the embargo will not just restore Cuba’s dignity but will reaffirm the global commitment to human rights, justice, and equality.

1. Immediate Removal of Cuba from the State Sponsors of Terrorism List

This designation is arbitrary, politically motivated, and has no basis in reality.  As Secretary of State Antony Blinken himself acknowledged in 2024, Cuba does not sponsor terrorism.  Removing Cuba from this list would not only correct a grave injustice but also facilitate financial transactions and investments necessary for the country's recovery.

2. Lifting the Blockade

The blockade’s repeal is the most direct and necessary step toward justice.  The blockade violates international law, as recognized by numerous U.N. resolutions, and constitutes a form of collective punishment against the Cuban people.  The Biden administration has the executive authority to make substantial changes, as seen in previous administrations, but Congress must ultimately act to end this outdated policy.

3. Humanitarian Cooperation

The pandemic has shown the interconnectedness of global health.  By lifting the blockade, the U.S. could engage with Cuba’s robust biotechnology and medical sectors to foster collaboration that benefits both nations.  Cuba’s COVID-19 vaccines and medical personnel have received international acclaim, and cooperation in this area would bolster global health efforts and restore goodwill between the nations.

4. Re-establishing Trade Relations

Once the blockade is lifted, Cuba could re-enter the global market on fair terms, allowing it to import vital goods at competitive prices and export its world-class medical and agricultural products.  This would stimulate both Cuban and U.S. economies, particularly in sectors like biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and tourism.

5. Encouraging Tourism and Cultural Exchange

The normalization of travel and tourism is a significant step toward reconciliation.  Cuba has much to offer, from cultural richness to natural beauty, and a restored flow of U.S. visitors would provide much-needed economic relief.  Furthermore, the lifting of travel restrictions would enable Americans and Cubans to engage in the people-to-people diplomacy that fosters mutual understanding and goodwill.

A Moral Imperative: The Role of Global Civil Society

The global community, particularly civil society organizations, religious groups, and human rights advocates, has a crucial role to play in ending the blockade. The voices calling for justice must grow louder and more unified, especially in nations allied with the U.S. These organizations must continue to pressure governments, share stories of the blockade’s human cost, and push for diplomatic resolutions that reflect humanitarian values.

As citizens of the world, we cannot remain silent in the face of such widespread suffering.  The Cuban people deserve the opportunity to build their future without external hindrance.  To echo the words of Archbishop Desmond Tutu, “If you are neutral in situations of injustice, you have chosen the side of the oppressor.”  Global citizens must remain engaged, advocating tirelessly for the end of this unjust blockade.

Faith and Resilience: A Testament to Endurance

As the Latin phrase "Per aspera ad astra"—*"Through hardships to the stars"—*suggests, the Cuban people have faced incredible adversity, yet continue to reach for the stars.  Despite the blockade’s severe economic, social, and humanitarian impacts, Cuba has developed world-class education, healthcare, and cultural systems.  This resilience, deeply rooted in faith and a strong sense of community, has allowed the Cuban people to endure challenges that would have crushed less determined nations.

In the words of the late South African leader Nelson Mandela, "It is said that no one truly knows a nation until one has been inside its jails."  While the Cuban people are not in physical jails, the blockade has created an economic prison, limiting their access to the world and its opportunities.  Yet, like Mandela, the Cuban people remain hopeful, faithful, and resolute.

 A Future Without Fear

"Deo adjuvante, non timendum"—"With God as my helper, I have nothing to fear."  This powerful statement embodies the spirit of the Cuban people, who despite the hardships imposed upon them, continue to stand firm in their faith and hope for a better tomorrow.

The end of the U.S. blockade would not just be a political victory; it would be a triumph of human dignity, justice, and the resilience of the human spirit.  The Cuban people have shown that, even under the harshest of circumstances, they can innovate, persevere, and thrive.  But they should no longer have to struggle under the weight of such an unjust policy.

The world must continue to support Cuba’s call for the blockade’s end, not only as a matter of economic necessity but as a moral imperative.  Justice demands that the United States acknowledge its mistake and move toward a future of peaceful coexistence, mutual respect, and shared prosperity.

The words of the Cuban poet José Martí ring especially true: "La libertad no es negociable"—"Freedom is not negotiable."  The Cuban people deserve the freedom to live without fear, without restrictions, and without the yoke of an economic blockade that has caused so much unnecessary suffering.  May we all join in the call for justice, remembering that with faith, perseverance, and the support of the global community, no challenge is insurmountable.

The International Call for Solidarity

The international community's overwhelming support for ending the blockade reflects a shared belief in justice and human rights.  Year after year, the United Nations General Assembly has passed near-unanimous resolutions calling for the lifting of the blockade, with only a few nations standing in opposition.  These resolutions represent a collective voice, affirming that the blockade is not only an American-Cuban issue but a global one that affects international law, trade, and humanitarianism.

Organizations like the Non-Aligned Movement, the Group of 77, and many civil society groups across the globe have continued to express their solidarity with Cuba.  Countries in Latin America, Africa, Europe, and Asia have called for the blockade’s end, recognizing the harm it has caused not only to Cuba but also to their own citizens and companies that have faced penalties for engaging with Cuban entities.

Even within the United States, growing numbers of politicians, activists, religious leaders, and businesspeople are advocating for a change in policy.  Recent polls indicate that a significant portion of the American public, including Cuban-Americans, favor normalizing relations with Cuba and lifting the restrictions that have long outlived their Cold War rationale.  The time is ripe for the U.S. government to listen to its people, as well as the global community, and move toward constructive dialogue and cooperation with Cuba.

Economic Justice: A Key to Sustainable Development

Lifting the blockade would open doors to economic opportunities that have been denied to Cuba for decades.  The country’s potential for growth, innovation, and integration into the global economy is vast.  Cuba’s biotechnology and pharmaceutical sectors, already recognized for their achievements despite the blockade, could expand further with access to international markets and partnerships.  The island’s strategic location in the Caribbean also positions it as a potential hub for tourism, shipping, and trade.

With the blockade lifted, Cuba could attract foreign investment, which would contribute to rebuilding its infrastructure, modernizing its industries, and creating jobs for its people.  It would enable the country to import essential goods at competitive prices and export its products, from medicines to agricultural goods, to the world.  The Cuban economy would flourish, benefiting not only its people but also regional and global markets.

Moreover, U.S. businesses, particularly in sectors like agriculture, technology, and tourism, stand to gain from open trade with Cuba.  American farmers could sell their goods to the Cuban market without the restrictions that have cost them millions in potential revenue.  U.S. companies could invest in Cuban industries, fostering mutual economic growth and innovation.

A Path Forward: Diplomacy Over Division

The path forward lies in diplomacy, not division.  While political differences between the U.S. and Cuba remain, they should not prevent constructive engagement.  Countries with far greater ideological differences have found ways to coexist and collaborate on issues of mutual interest, and Cuba and the U.S. are no exception.

Diplomacy requires respect for sovereignty and an understanding that imposing punitive measures harms both nations.  The U.S. can work with Cuba to address shared challenges, from climate change to public health, while respecting Cuba’s right to chart its own course.  Cuba, for its part, has repeatedly expressed a willingness to engage in dialogue and cooperation on equal footing, and this openness should be met with reciprocal goodwill from the U.S. government.

The road to lifting the blockade will not be easy, but it is a necessary step toward a more just, peaceful, and prosperous future for both nations.  As global citizens, we must continue to advocate for policies that promote dialogue, reconciliation, and mutual benefit, rather than division and hostility.

Conclusion: Building Bridges, Not Barriers

In closing, the U.S. blockade against Cuba is not just a relic of a bygone era; it is an ongoing injustice that must be rectified.  The economic, social, and humanitarian toll it has taken on the Cuban people is immense, and the moral case for ending the blockade is irrefutable.  Cuba deserves the opportunity to thrive, to engage freely with the world, and to shape its own future without external interference.

"Per aspera ad astra"—through hardships to the stars—remains an apt description of Cuba’s journey.  Despite the blockade’s many challenges, the Cuban people have shown remarkable resilience, creativity, and solidarity.  They have persevered, not out of fear, but out of hope for a better future.

It is time for the United States to honor that hope by ending the blockade, allowing Cuba to flourish as a free and sovereign nation.  It is time for the international community to continue raising its voice in solidarity with Cuba, demanding an end to this unjust policy.  And it is time for all of us, as global citizens, to remember that with faith, perseverance, and a commitment to justice, we can overcome any obstacle.

The world will be watching, and history will judge the actions taken in this critical moment.  Let us all work toward a future where walls of division are torn down, and bridges of cooperation are built, ensuring that the Cuban people, like all people, can live in peace, dignity, and prosperity.

References:

• Cuba’s Report Under United Nations General Assembly Resolution 78/7 Entitled “Necessity of Ending the Economic, Commercial and Financial Blockade Imposed by the United States of America Against Cuba,” July 2024.

• United Nations Human Rights Council Special Rapporteur, "The Negative Impact of Unilateral Coercive Measures on the Enjoyment of Human Rights in Cuba," A/HRC/54/23.

• "United States: Unilateral Designation of States as Sponsors of Terrorism Negatively Impacts Human Rights," United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, 2024.

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Colonial Violence in The Colonies and The Role of Enslaved Women in Resisting The Colonialists Oppression

Critical Examination of Bahamian Hero, "Poor Black Kate" and Comparative Colonial Atrocities:  A Global Perspective on Resistance, Injustice, and Post-Colonial Recognition

The story of The Bahamas Hero, Kate Moss, also known as "Poor Black Kate," offers a profound insight into the realities of colonial violence and the role of enslaved women in resisting oppression.

By Dr Kevin Turnquest-Alcena

Kate's resistance against her brutal treatment in The Bahamas during the early 19th century not only reflects the gendered aspects of colonial punishment but also parallels similar cases of resistance in other colonial territories such as Jamaica, India, and parts of Africa.  As nations work towards recognizing the legacies of their colonial pasts, Kate’s story deserves not only posthumous state recognition in The Bahamas but also broader acknowledgment as part of a global legacy of women who resisted colonial oppression.  In this paper, I will explore the parallels between Kate’s resistance and other instances of colonial violence against women, recommend how Kate's legacy should be honored, and argue for the establishment of a broader movement for women’s empowerment and recognition.

Kate Moss and Colonial Violence Against Women

Kate Moss’ refusal to mend her torn dress, her subsequent punishment, and eventual death serve as a stark reminder of the gendered violence that women, particularly enslaved and colonized women, faced under colonial regimes.  Kate, a domestic slave, used the torn dress as a silent but powerful symbol of her protest against sexual violence, likely perpetrated by someone in her enslaver’s household.  Her refusal to adhere to the expectations of submission and invisibility in the colonial household led to a horrific punishment: repeated whippings, confinement in stocks, and torture with red pepper.  Despite the promise of relief if she complied, Kate’s steadfastness in her resistance speaks to her extraordinary bravery and determination to expose her abuse.

This form of resistance is not unique to Kate but is part of a broader pattern of how women in colonial societies resisted gender-based violence.  As colonial authorities viewed women’s bodies as sites of both control and subjugation, enslaved and colonized women often found themselves punished for asserting their agency or protesting their abuse.  The treatment of women in colonial Jamaica, for instance, was similar.  Enslaved women who resisted their oppression, like those involved in the Baptist War of 1831–1832, were often met with violent retribution from colonial forces.

Parallels in Jamaica, Africa, and India: Gendered Colonial Punishment

Kate Moss’ story mirrors numerous incidents across the British Empire where women suffered under brutal colonial punishment regimes.  In Jamaica, Nanny of the Maroons, another national heroine, led enslaved people in revolt against British forces.  Though not a direct victim of the type of sexual violence that Kate endured, Nanny’s leadership in armed resistance against colonial authorities highlights the intersection of gender and rebellion in colonial contexts (Craton 54).  Both women, through vastly different means, defied the structures of colonial power, challenging the dominance of white male authority in the empire.

Similarly, in Kenya, during the Mau Mau Uprising (1952–1960), Kikuyu women played a significant role in resisting British colonial rule.  Many women were arrested, tortured, and even executed for their involvement in the rebellion.  The colonial authorities' treatment of women in Kenya followed the same brutal patterns seen in other parts of the empire, including sexual violence, physical torture, and psychological intimidation (Elkins 182).  These patterns reflect a global colonial strategy where women’s resistance, especially when linked to national or racial identity, was met with disproportionate and inhumane punishment.

In India, colonial violence against women was also pervasive, as exemplified by events like the Amritsar Massacre of 1919.  While the massacre targeted all Indians, women played a significant role in the independence movement, facing gendered violence from British forces.  British colonial officers, like General Dyer, who orchestrated the massacre, saw the peaceful protests—many of which involved women—as threats to colonial order and responded with excessive violence (Collett 112).  The bodies of colonized women were consistently used as battlegrounds for the assertion of colonial power, and their resistance, like Kate’s - was viewed as doubly threatening because of its intersection with both race and gender.

Post-Colonial Responses to Colonial Brutality and Resistance

The Bahamas’ decision to recognize Kate Moss posthumously as a National Hero is a significant step in addressing the legacy of slavery and colonial violence.  However, Kate’s story deserves further acknowledgment, not just within The Bahamas but also within the broader context of global colonial history.  The brutality she faced and her resistance echoed the experiences of countless women across the colonial world, many of whom have yet to be recognized or honored for their bravery.

Jamaica, for example, has a long tradition of honoring its national heroes, many of whom resisted British colonial rule.  Figures like Nanny of the Maroons, Sam Sharpe, and Paul Bogle are memorialized in Jamaican history books, monuments, and annual celebrations. Similarly, South Africa’s post-apartheid Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) sought to address the legacies of colonial and apartheid-era violence, giving a platform for the victims of these atrocities to be heard (Tutu 134).  Kenya’s Mau Mau veterans also successfully sought reparations from the British government in 2013, marking a significant post-colonial attempt to rectify the wrongs of colonial rule (Anderson 249).

Recommendations: Kate Moss as a Symbol of Bravery and Women’s Empowerment

To fully honor Kate Moss’s legacy, the Bahamian government should consider several initiatives that go beyond the current state recognition:

1. Permanent Memorialization: The establishment of a statue or monument dedicated to Kate Moss in a prominent location, such as Nassau or Crooked Island, would serve as a perpetual reminder of her bravery.  This monument could stand alongside a plaque that details her resistance and the broader context of women’s resistance to colonialism.  This would be similar to the statue of Nanny of the Maroons in Jamaica’s National Heroes Park, which honors her defiance and leadership (Craton 68).

2. Women Empowerment Fund: The government could establish a fund in Kate Moss’s name that supports initiatives aimed at empowering women and girls, particularly those from marginalized communities.  This fund could provide scholarships, mentorship programs, and resources for women who face gender-based violence, much like the foundations established in the names of other national heroes (Patterson 143).  Such a fund would not only memorialize Kate but also help create tangible change for future generations.

3. Medal of Bravery for Women: The Bahamian government could institute an annual "Kate Moss Medal of Bravery," awarded to women who have demonstrated extraordinary courage in the face of adversity.  This would be similar to the Queen’s Medal for Courage, awarded in various Commonwealth countries.  By doing so, Kate’s story would become a symbol of empowerment, inspiring women across The Bahamas and the world to stand up against injustice.

4. Education Initiatives: To ensure Kate’s legacy is not forgotten, the government could work with educational institutions to include her story in the national curriculum.  Additionally, public lectures, seminars, and exhibitions could be held to educate both Bahamians and international audiences about her significance in the broader context of resistance to colonial rule (Beckles 157).

Conclusion: A Global Legacy of Resistance

Kate Moss’ story, though rooted in the history of The Bahamas, is part of a much larger narrative of colonial resistance.  The gendered violence she faced at the hands of the Moss family, her refusal to submit to oppression, and her eventual martyrdom are echoed in the experiences of women across the British Empire, from Jamaica to Kenya to India.  By recognizing Kate Moss as a National Hero and expanding upon this recognition with tangible initiatives, the Bahamian government can ensure that her legacy serves as both a symbol of bravery and a rallying cry for women’s empowerment.  Furthermore, this broader acknowledgment would align the Bahamas with other post-colonial nations that have taken significant steps to honor their own resistance figures and address the legacies of colonial violence.

Works Cited

Anderson, David. Histories of the Hanged: The Dirty War in Kenya and the End of Empire*. W.W. Norton, 2005.

Beckles, Hilary McD. A History of Barbados: From Amerindian Settlement to Nation-State*. Cambridge University Press, 2006.

Collett, Nigel. The Butcher of Amritsar: General Reginald Dyer*.  Hambledon Continuum, 2006.

Craton, Michael.  Testing the Chains: Resistance to Slavery in the British West Indies*. Cornell University Press, 2009.

Elkins, Caroline.  Imperial Reckoning: The Untold Story of Britain's Gulag in Kenya*. Henry Holt and Co., 2005.

Patterson, Orlando. The Sociology of Slavery: An Analysis of the Origins, Development, and Structure of Negro Slave Society in Jamaica*. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 2020.

Tutu, Desmond. No Future Without Forgiveness*. Random House, 1999.

By Dr. Kevin J Turnquest-Alcena 

Chairman of the Board of Governors

Rector, Michael University

LLB (Hon-1st Cl.), LLM (Hon-1st Cl.)

Ph.D. in Economics / Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology- MD/ Ph.D in Biogenetics

Ph.D. in Pharmacy (Pharm D) 

Ph.D. in Public Health / Ph.D. in Herbal and Holistic Medicine

Titular Professor Lawyer & Fellow-FCILEX; AClArb; & Snr. Fellow-AMLA

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See Bahamianology For Further Reading on 'Poor Black Kate' - Kate Moss

Let's Help and Support The Police to Weed-out All of The Corrupt Policemen From The Ranks of The Royal Bahamas Police Force - Bishop Delton Fernander

Say NO to Corrupt Police Officers in The Bahamas!

By Dennis Dames
Nassau, The Bahamas

I wonder if the president of The Bahamas Christian Council (BCC) in his laid-back defense of The Royal Bahamas Police Force in the investigation of one of their senior top Officers - relating to serious alledge crimes - was speaking casually as a Bahamian, a member of the Masonic Lodge family in The Bahamas, or a pastor. He is wearing so many hats these days - and he has now found himself in the line of fire of the Bahamian public that wants the Johnson investigation to be favourably beyond distrust and national contempt.

Bishop Fernander must be a resident of a another planet. He has obviously not been keeping-up with all the scandals of devilish criminal acts coming out of the ranks of the RBPF in recent times. Senior Officers have been recorded in the acts of committing serious crimes - like, assisting in the unloading of dangerous and illicit drugs from the plane of drug traffickers!

Bishop Delton Fernander, ask the Commissioner of Police - Clayton Fernander about the huge amount of Police Officers he had to fire or send home - because of their dirty and outrageous criminal actions! Ask the Commissioner of Police about the number of Officers of the Force who were recently cited by the Coroners Courts for manslaughter! Yes, the Bahamian Police have illegally killed many of our Bahamian brothers like dogs on the streets of The Bahamas in recent times.

Bishop Fernander, do you really think the Commissioner of Police can lead a fair and balanced investigation against his good old buddy, Chief Superintendent Johnson - who he said publicly was the man for the job? Do you actually think that it's only about Chief Superintendent Johnson, and not about the entire Force? It does not seem that you are thinking straight, or dealing with a full deck these days. What a shame!

What kind of salvation the masonic lodge provides you that our Living Lord does not? What is the connection between the Redemption of our Living Messiah and the masonic lodge - which you are a member and brethern of?

Bishop Fernander, why are you under the impression that corruption and criminality on the Royal Bahamas Police Force (RBPF) are not endemic there? The streets of The Bahamas know better than that Bishop.

The Police Force in the Bahamian nation is in a distressful crisis, so is the national security of The Bahamas - Bishop! Corruption and criminality is alive and well in the ranks of that organization - in my view.

Policemen in The Bahamas have been found with illegal weapons in recent times - Bishop. Who controls the illegal guns in our nation Bishop?

Policemen are in our jail for raping their underage family members - while still active members of the Force. Policemen are in our prison for all manner of horrible crimes before they were fired from the Force.

Policemen have skiped the country recently to avoid answering for their wicked crimes - bishop. So, you did not convince me and most citizens that the Chief Johnson always acted alone in his alleged crimes while being the chief of the Criminal Detective Unit (CDU) of the Royal Bahamas Police Force.

There is no doubt that the very many of Bahamian Police men and women are honourable and righteous people, but the actively rogue among them are eroding the already frigile integrity of The Royal Bahamas Police Force. All of them must be weeded out in order to restore the public's trust and confidence in The Force.

The good Officers there will rejoice fittingly - if such a noble thing become a joyful reality. Thus Bishop, let's help them celebrate! Let's let it be known as one people - that bossman Johnson investigation must be and appear to be just in the eyes of the Bahamian people. The good future of The Bahamas and its Police Force depend on it.